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The following events took place on August 23. The list is arranged in chronological order.

Found 81 events. Showing 31 - 60.

• 1839

  The United Kingdom captures Hong Kong as a base as it prepares for war with Qing China. The ensuing 3-year conflict will later be known as the First Opium War.
• 1858

  The Round Oak rail accident occurs in Brierley Hill in the Black Country, England. It is 'Arguably the worst disaster ever to occur on British railways'.
• 1864

  The Union Navy captures Fort Morgan, Alabama, thus breaking Confederate dominance of all ports on the Gulf of Mexico except Galveston, Texas.
• 1866

  Austro-Prussian War ends with the Treaty of Prague.
• 1873

  Albert Bridge in Chelsea, London opens.
• 1896

  Officially recognised date of the Cry of Pugad Lawin, the start of the Philippine Revolution is made in Pugad Lawin (Quezon City), in the province of Manila (actual date and location is disputed).
• 1898

  The Southern Cross Expedition, the first British venture of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration, departs from London.
• 1901

  600 American school teachers, Thomasites, arrived in Manila on the USAT Thomas.
• 1904

  The automobile tire chain is patented.
• 1914

  World War I: Japan declares war on Germany and bombs Qingdao, China.
• 1914

  World War I: Battle of Mons: The British Army begins withdrawal.
• 1921

  British airship R-38 experiences structural failure over Hull in England and crashes in the Humber estuary. Of her 49 British and American training crew, only four survive.
• 1923

  Captain Lowell Smith and Lieutenant John P. Richter performed the first mid-air refueling on De Havilland DH-4B, setting an endurance flight record of 37 hours.
• 1927

  Italian anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti are executed after a lengthy, controversial trial.
• 1929

  Hebron Massacre during the 1929 Palestine riots: Arab attack on the Jewish community in Hebron in the British Mandate of Palestine, continuing until the next day, resulted in the death of 65–68 Jews and the remaining Jews being forced to leave the city.
• 1938

  English cricketer Len Hutton sets a world record for the highest individual Test innings of 364, during a Test match against Australia.
• 1939

  World War II: Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign a non-aggression treaty, the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. In a secret addition to the pact, the Baltic states, Finland, Romania, and Poland are divided between the two nations.
• 1942

  World War II: Beginning of the Battle of Stalingrad.
• 1943

  World War II: Kharkov is liberated as a result of the Battle of Kursk.
• 1944

  World War II: Marseille is liberated by the Allies.
• 1944

  World War II: King Michael of Romania dismisses the pro-Nazi government of Marshal Antonescu, who is arrested. Romania switches sides from the Axis to the Allies.
• 1944

  Freckleton Air Disaster: A United States Army Air Forces B-24 Liberator bomber crashes into a school in Freckleton, England killing 61 people.
• 1945

  Soviet–Japanese War: The USSR State Defense Committee issues Decree no. 9898cc “About Receiving, Accommodation, and Labor Utilization of the Japanese Army Prisoners of War”.
• 1946

  Ordinance No. 46 of the British Military Government constitutes the German Länder (states) of Hanover and Schleswig-Holstein.
• 1948

  World Council of Churches is formed.
• 1954

  First flight of the C-130 Hercules transport aircraft.
• 1958

  Chinese Civil War: The Second Taiwan Strait Crisis begins with the People’s Liberation Army’s bombardment of Quemoy.
• 1966

  Lunar Orbiter 1 takes the first photograph of Earth from orbit around the Moon.
• 1970

  Organized by Mexican American labor union leader César Chávez, the Salad Bowl strike, the largest farm worker strike in U.S. history, begins.
• 1973

  A bank robbery gone wrong in Stockholm, Sweden, turns into a hostage crisis; over the next five days the hostages begin to sympathise with their captors, leading to the term “Stockholm syndrome”.

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