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The following events took place on September 12. The list is arranged in chronological order.

Found 62 events. Showing 1 - 30.

• 490 BC

  Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies, defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece.
• 372

  Sixteen Kingdoms: Jin Xiaowudi, age 10, succeeds his father Jin Jianwendi as Emperor of the Eastern Jin dynasty.
• 1185

  Emperor Andronikos I Komnenos brutally put to death in Constantinople.
• 1213

  Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Battle of Muret.
• 1229

  Battle of Portopí: The Aragonese army under the command of James I of Aragon disembarks at Santa Ponça, Majorca, with the purpose of conquering the island.
• 1309

  The First Siege of Gibraltar takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista pitting the forces of the Kingdom of Castile against the Emirate of Granada resulting in a Castilian victory.
• 1609

  Henry Hudson begins his exploration of the Hudson River while aboard the Halve Maen.
• 1683

  Austro-Ottoman War: Battle of Vienna – several European armies join forces to defeat the Ottoman Empire.
• 1814

  Battle of North Point: an American detachment halts the British land advance to Baltimore in the War of 1812.
• 1846

  Elizabeth Barrett elopes with Robert Browning.
• 1847

  Mexican–American War: the Battle of Chapultepec begins.
• 1848

  Switzerland becomes a Federal state.
• 1857

  The SS Central America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush.
• 1885

  Arbroath 36–0 Bon Accord, a world record scoreline in professional Association football.
• 1890

  Salisbury, Rhodesia, is founded.
• 1897

  Tirah Campaign: Battle of Saragarhi.
• 1906

  The Newport Transporter Bridge is opened in Newport, South Wales by Viscount Tredegar.
• 1910

  Premiere performance of Gustav Mahler’s Symphony No. 8 in Munich (with a chorus of 852 singers and an orchestra of 171 players. Mahler’s rehearsal assistant conductor was Bruno Walter)
• 1919

  Adolf Hitler joins the German Workers’ Party (later the Nazi Party).
• 1923

  Southern Rhodesia, today called Zimbabwe, is annexed by the United Kingdom.
• 1930

  In cricket Wilfred Rhodes ends his 1110-game first-class career by taking 5 for 95 for H.D.G. Leveson Gower’s XI against the Australians.
• 1933

  Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction.
• 1938

  Adolf Hitler demands autonomy and self-determination for the Germans of the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.
• 1940

  Cave paintings are discovered in Lascaux, France.
• 1940

  An explosion at the Hercules Powder Company plant in Kenvil, New Jersey kills 51 people and injures over 200.
• 1942

  World War II: RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian POWs is torpedoed off the coast of West Africa and sinks with a heavy loss of life.
• 1942

  World War II: First day of the Battle of Edson’s Ridge during the Guadalcanal Campaign. U.S. Marines protecting Henderson Field on Guadalcanal are attacked by Imperial Japanese Army forces.
• 1943

  World War II: Benito Mussolini, dictator of Italy, is rescued from house arrest on the Gran Sasso in Abruzzi, by German commando forces led by Otto Skorzeny.
• 1944

  World War II: The liberation of Serbia from Nazi Germany continues. Bajina Bašta in western Serbia is among those liberated cities. Near Trier, American troops enter Germany for the first time.
• 1948

  Invasion of the State of Hyderabad by the Indian Army on the day after the Pakistani leader Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s death.

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